Outsole roughing machines



Jan. 20, 1959 A; s. MELLOR 2,869,349

OUTSOLE ROUGHING MACHINES Filed' June 5, 1956 2 sheets-sheet 1 fn Uemfor Alfred NeZlor By histtorney Jam.v 20, 1959 A. s. MELLOR oUTsoLE ROUGHING MACHINES Filed June 5, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 In ven for Alfred 5. Mellor By his Attorney Unite 2,869,349 Patented Jan. 20, 1959 oUrsoLE RoUGmNG MACHINES Alfred S. Mellor, Beverly, Mass., assigner to United Shoe Machinery Corporation, Flemington, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application June 5, 1956, Serial No. 589,418

9 Claims. (Cl. 69-6.5)

This invention relates to machines for roughng shoe parts, for example outsoles, to prepare said outsoles for cement attachment to shoes and more particularly to a roughing tool which is adapted for use in a machine of the general type disclosed in United States Letters Patent No. 2,590,136, granted March 25, 1952, on an application filed in the name of Ernest W. Stacey, and in a machine of the general type disclosed in United States Letters Patent No. 2,769,328, granted November 6, 1956, on an application filed December 3, 1954, in the names of Robert F. Lane and Fred L. Mooney.

It is an object of the present invention to provide for use in either of the above machines an improved roughing tool which will form on the margin of the flesh or upper face of an outsole a fine velvety band of upset fibres substantially al1 of which are firmly attached to the outsole and which, after cement has been applied to said band, serve effectively to attach the outsole permanently to the bottom of a shoe.

With the above object in view and in accordance with one feature of the present invention the illustrative tool, which is of the end mill roughing type disclosed in said Letters Patent No. 2,590,136 and No. 2,769,328 and is rotatable about a fixed axis, is provided with conical teeth, the axes of which extend generally lengthwise of the axis of rotation of the tool but are inclined forward slightly in directions of their rotation. The ilustrative teeth which are diamond pointed have positioned in front of them holddown members having presser surfaces beyond which apices of the conical teeth project uniform distances, said presser surfaces and said apices being arranged, respectively, substantially in frust-o conical surfaces which are centered at the axis of rotation of the tool and face generally in the direction f but at a slight angle away from this axis, elements of the frusto conical surfaces being inclined at angles of substantially 4 to a plane disposed at right angles to the axis of rotation of the tool. The end face of the tool has formed centrally in it a large bore which is adapted to receive an edge gage of the machine and is connected by transverse bores to suction mechanism which serves to draw roughing dust away from the tool.

The above machines provided with the present tool are adapted effectively to roughen the margins of the upper faces of the outsoles to the edges of said outsoles, the fibres of the outsole material during the roughing operation being upset by ploughing action and being attached securely to the outsoles. The conical teeth of the tool remain sharp forlong periods and because of their construction and arrangement in the tool and their paths of movement with relation to the work, require that the outsole be held only with a light pressure in the machine thus insuring against deforming of thin outsoles during the roughing operation.

The present invention consists in the above and other novel features hereinafter described, reference being had to the accompanying drawings which illustrate one ernbodment of the invention selected for purposes of illus- Sates Patent iff-lice 2 tration, said invention being fully disclosed in the following description and claims.

l'n the drawings,

Fig. l is a view of the illustrative roughing tool on the line I-I of Fig. 6;

Fig. 2 shows the tool in side elevation and inverted;

Fig. 3 shows in perspective one of six substantially identical roughing blades of the illustrative tool each of said blades consisting of a holder block and a plurality of roughing teeth; e

Fig. 4 is a perspective View showing one of six identical holddown or presser members forming part of the illustrative tool;

Fig. 5 sho-ws in side elevation and on an enlarged scale one of the roughing teeth of the blades of the tool;

Figs. 6 and 7 are vertical median sections which correspondto the sections illustrated in Figs. 6 and 14, respectively, of said patent No. 2,769,328 and illustrate part of an operating head of the machine, the illustrativev tool being' shown as viewed on the line VI--Vl and Vil-VH, respectively, of Fig. l;

Fig. 8 is a view illustrating one of the holddown mernbers and its associated roughing blade shown in Fig. l in work-engaging position;

Fig. 9 is a section on the line lX-lX of Fig. 8; and

Fig. l() shows in perspective an outsole which has been roughened by the use of the machine illustrated in Figs. 6 to 9.

The illustrative tool 2li (Figs. l, 2, and 6) is described with reference to the machine which is described in detail in said patent No. 2,769,328 and is adapted to condition or roughen the marginal portions of the upper or flesh faces or sides 22 (Figs. 7, 9 and l0) of o-utsoles 24 whereby to form on said outsoles a uniformly wide band 26 of roughened or upset material adapted to receive cement for use in the attachment of said outsoles to shoes (not shown), the present tool being used in place of the rotary tool 36 disclosed in said patent No. 2,769,328. The ro-ughing tool 20 comprises a head 28 (Figs. l, 2, 6 and 8) secured by a screw 3i) to a spindle 32 which is rotated counterclockwise, as viewed from above, about an axis 34 and is housed in bearings (not shown) forming part of a bracket 36 initially secured in an adjusted position to a main frame (not shown) of the machine.

The outsole 24, which may consist of leather or composition, is moved by cross feed mechanism (not shown) onto a work table 38 comprising a pair of inner and outer sleeves 38a, 38b. The sleeves 38a, 38b are power operated clockwise, as viewed from above, about a fixed vertical axis 4i?, which substantially intersects and is inclined at 4 to the axis of rotation 34 of the tool 20, said sleeves assisting the aforesaid cross feed mechanism (not shown) in the feeding of the outsole past said tool to form the band 26 of roughened material along the edge of the flesh or upper side 22 of the outsole. During the outsole roughing operation the edge of the outsole is held in engagement with a cylindrical face 41 of an edge gage 42 secured to and projecting above the inner sleeve 38a and into a central cavity 44 which is formed in a frusto conical end face 46 (Figs. 1 and 2) of the tool head 28 and has a cylindrical side wall 45. l'

Formed in the frusto conical end face 46 of the head- 28 of the tool 20 and extending between the central cavity 44 and an outer cylindrical face 48 of said head, are channels 5t) each of which is rectangular in cross section and a median heightwise plane 52 each of which is arranged in parallel relation to the axis of rotation 34 of the tool 20 and is skewedlengthwise at an angle A (Fig. 1) to an associated radial` plane 53 which includes the axis of rotation of the tool and intersects said plane 52 at the face 48. Fitting in the channels 50 and secured to the head 28, by means hereinafter described,

are associated pairs of L-shaped presser or holddown members 54 and roughing blades 56, the bottoms of said channels as they extend inward of the head 28 being inclined toward the operating end of the tool at an angle B` (Fig. 2) of substantially 4 to a plane 57 disposed normal to the axis of rotation 34 of the roughing tool 20, said angle being approximately equal to the' cone angle of the frusto conical face 46 of said head.

Each of the holddown members 54 includes a presser surface 54a and each of the blades 56 includes four teeth 60 which are alined in a row and have conical roughing portions 60a. When the holddown members 54 and their associated blades 56 are secured in their operating positions in the head 28 the presser surfaces 54a and the conical roughing portions 60a of the teeth 60 face generally lengthwise of the axis of rotation 34 of the tool 20 which may be described as an end mill roughing tool. The channels 50 may also be described as facing generally lengthwise of the axis of rotation 34 of the tool 20.

The apices of the conical roughing portions 60a of the teeth 60 consist of diamonds induction brazed to the remaining steel portions of the teeth which consist mainly of the cylindrical shank portions 60]). When the holddown members 54 and the roughing blades 56 are in their operating positions in the head 28 and the head is incorporated in the machine, the presser surfaces 54a of said members and the apices of the roughing portions 60a of the teeth 60 are arranged substantially in frusto conical surfaces which are centered at the axis of rotation 34 of the tool, said apices projecting equal distances above said presser surfaces and the conical roughing portions of the teeth being pcsitioned adjacent to an undercut face or an undercut trailing face 61 which is formed on the holddown member and terminates at a trailing end of an adjacent presser surface.

The holddown members 54 have sides and bottoms 54b, 54e, respectively, which are complemental to opposing portions of side walls 50a (Figs. 1 and 2) and bottoms 50h (Figs. 2 and 6) of the channels 50, said holddown members having formed on them at ledges 54d which are engaged by planar faces 56a of associated holder blocks 56b of the blades 56. Extending heightwise through the holder blocks 5611 between the planar faces 56a of the holder blocks 561) and faces 56e which are formed on said blocks and are parallel to the faces 56a, are alined parallel bores 56d adapted to have driven into them the cylindrical shank portions 6% of the teeth 60 which are of uniform length and have tlat ends 60C arranged in alinement with the planar faces 56a of the blades, the construction and arrangement being such that the conical roughing portions 60a of the teeth project equal distances above thejfaces 56e of the holder 56h.

Formed in an inner side face of each of the blades 56 is a conical recess 56f against a lower portion of which Vconical inner ends 64a of screws 64- threaded into the head 23 engage, said screws being adapted to force the holder blocks 56h against the side faces 54e and the ledges 54d of associated holddown members 54 and thus to clamp said holddown members and the blades against the side walls 50a and the bottoms 50b of the channels 50 of the tool head 28.

The assembled holddown members 54 and the blades 56 are uniformly wide and have a combined width substantially equal to that of the channels 50. The holddown members 54 and their associated blades 56 may be described as being skewed lengthwise at an angle A with relation to the radial planes 53. The holddown members 54 and the blades 56 are provided with concave inner ends 54f, 56g respectively having a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the side wall` 45 of the cavity 44 formed in the head 28. When theholddown members 54 and the blades 56 are in their Operating pcsitionsshown in Fig. 1 the inner ends 54f ofthe holddown members and the inner ends 56g ofan opposite pair of said blades are centered substantially at the axis 34 and are substantially continuous with an adjacent portion of the cavity. Preparatory to clamping the holddown members 54 and the blades 56 in their operating positions in the channels 50 the inner ends 54j of the holddown members are positioned by hand ush with an adjacent portion of the cylindrical side wall 45 of the cavity 44 in the head 28.

The ledge 54d of each of the holddown members 54 is disposed at an angle C of about 15 to a plane 65 normal to the axis of rotation 34 of the tool. Since the teeth 60 are of uniform length it will be apparent that, when the blades 56 are clamped in their operating positions in the tool head 28, as shown in Figs. l and 2, the apices of the conical roughing portions 60a of the teeth 60 extend uniform distances, respectively, beyond the presser surfaces 54a of the associated holddown members and lie substantially in a frusto conical surface, axes 60d of the teeth being inclined forward or in directions of movement, respectively, of said teeth and the conical roughing portions 69a o-f the teeth being arranged adjacent to the undercut faces 61 of associated holddown members.

It will be noted that the blades 56 of opposite pairs of blades in the head 28 of the tool 20 are arranged in the same positions, respectively, in their associated channels 50, loci of the apices of the conical roughing portions 60a of the teeth 60 of the three differently arranged pairs of blades having substantially the form of concentric circles 66 which, as above explained, lie substantially in a frusto conical surface. As is shown in Fig. 1 the innermost or smallest of the circles 66 is arranged in close proximity to the cylindrical side wall 45 of the cavity 44 of the tool head 28 and, accordingly, said circle lies close to an outs-ole engaging portion 63 of the cylindrical face 41 of the edge gage 42, the construction and arrangement being such that the roughened band 26 formed on the outsole 24 lies in close proximity to the edge of the outsole. As will be apparent from the showing in Fig. l, alternate oppositely arranged pairs of blades 56 of the tool 20 are staggered lengthwise of the channels 50 of the tool, the construction and arrangement being such that there are twelve circles 66 indicating the loci of the apices of the roughing portions 60a of the teeth 60. In order to assist in positioning the three different pairs of blades of the tool 20 in three different operating positions lengthwise of the channels 50 of the tool the conical recesses 56j in the three different pairs of blades 56 may be arranged in three different positions lengthwise of said blades.

The roughing tool 20 may be described as comprising rows of conical teeth 60 which are arranged adjacent to and, with relation to the directions of movement of the presser surfaces 54a of the holddown member 54, behind said presser surfaces and which project uniform distances lengthwise of the axis of rotation 34 of the tool beyond said presser surfaces which project uniform distances lengthwise of said axis of rotation of the tool beyond the frusto conical surface 46. The axes 60d of the conical teeth 60 of the blades 56 may be said to extend beyond and across the presser surfaces 54a and to extend generally lengthwise of the axis of rotation 34 of the tool 20 but to be inclined forward at acute angles or at angles somewhat less than to the directions of movement, respectively, of the teeth` The axes 6tlg' of the teeth 60, at which the conical roughing portions 60a are centered, may be described as being inclined forward at acute angles, respectively, to the directions of movement of the teeth or as being tilted forward in the directions of movement of the teeth. The frusto conical face 46 of the head 28 and the substantially frusto conical faces in which'the presser surfaces 54a and the apices of the teeth 60 lie may be dened as facing generally lengthwise of the axis of rotation 34 of the tool 20 and at a slight angle away from saidA axis or as having elements which are inclined at a slight angle to a plane disposed at right angles to said axis of rotation.

It will be appreciated that 'the axes 34, 40 at which the cylindrical side wall 45 of the cavity 44 and the cylindrical face 41 of the edge gage 42, respectively, are centered are disposed at 4 to each other and, accordingly circles which, in Fig. 1, generally represent said side wall and said face are not mathematically tangent to one another but are approximately tangent to each other. It will be noted, however, that the elements of the cylindrical face 41 of the edge gage 42 and the elements of the side wall 45 of the cavity 44 approximately coincide at the outsole engaging or abutment portion 68 of Ythe'said cylindrical face 4f.

Since the presser surfaces 54a and the rows of teeth 60 of the tool 20 are skewed lengthwise at angles A, as illustrated in Fig. 1, to the radial plane 53, it will be noted that when the apices of the conical teeth are tilted toward the associated presser surfaces they approach the side wall 45 of the cavity 44 of the tool. The innermost teeth 60 of one pair of opposite pairs of blades are arranged along the trailing edges of the presser surfaces 54a of the holddown members 54 just back of the concave inner ends 54]c of said members and, accordingly, substantially engage the abutment portion 68 of the edge gage vduring rotation of the tool. By locating the innermost teeth 60 of one or more pairs of blades 56, as above described, it is possible to have tne circles 65, which represent the loci of the apices of the teeth, extend into close proximity to said abutment portion 68 and thus to roughen the outsole practically to its edge. The inner ends 54f of the presser surfaces 54a may be described as being adapted substantially to engage the abutment portion 68 of the cylindrical face 4l of the edge gage 42 during rotation of the tool 20 and apices of the inner teeth 60 of one or more of the blades may be defined as being positioned just behind or back of said inner ends, respectively, of the holddown members 54 and the presser surfaces 54a thereof.

It has been found that by tipping the axes 60d of the conical roughing portions 60a of the teeth 60 forward as illustrated, said teeth roughen by ploughing action and show less tendency to rip the libres of the outsole material partially loose from the outsole than where the axes of said teeth are arranged in parallel relation to the axis of rotation 34 of the tool. When the fibres of the outsole are raised without partially tearing them where they join the outsole a stronger cement bond exists between the outsole and the shoe than where fibres, during the roughing operation, are partially torn where they are joined to the outsole. By providing teeth 60 having conical roughing portions 6fm apices of which are formed by diamonds and tipping said teeth slightly forward in the directions of movement, respectively, of the teeth, it is possible to obtain effective roughing action on the flesh or upper side 22 of the outsole adjacent to its lateral margins. The diamond conical roughing portions of the teeth remain sharp and, accordingly, the blades do not need to be changed for long periods and, furthermore, the pressure which is exerted against the outsole in order effectively to control the necessary movement of the outsole to roughen it is considerably less than the pressure heretofore applied against the outsole during the roughing operation. By reducing the pressure applied against the outsole during the roughing operation the common tendency for the outsole, especially where it is thin or shank reduced, to be distorted during the roughing operation is materially reduced.

In order to collect dust removed from the outsole during the roughing operation the cutter head 28 has formed in it a plurality of passages 70 which extend from the cavity 44 to the sides of said head, a housing (not shown) connected to a source of suction being arranged adjacent to the upper ends of said passage.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. An end mill roughing tool rotatable in one direction about an axis and comprising a plurality of presser sur'- faces which face generally lengthwise of said axis and are spaced circumferentially about said axis and which are adapted to bear against a shoe part presented thereto, and rows of conical teeth which are arranged adjacent to and, with relation to the directions of movement of said presser surfaces, behind said surfaces and which project respectively uniform distances axially beyond the presser surfaces and are adapted to roughen said sh'oe part.

2. An end mill roughing tool rotatable inone direction about an axis and comprising a plurality of presser surfaces which face generally lengthwise of said axis and which are spaced circumferentially about said axis and are adapted to bear against a shoe part presented thereto, and rows of conical diamond teeth which are arranged adjacent to and, with relation to the direction of movement of the presser surfaces, behind said presser surfaces, and which project respectively uniform distances in the direction of said axis beyond the presser surfaces and have axes thereof inclined forward at acute angles respectively to the directions of movement of the teeth whereby to cause said shoe part presented to the tool to be roughened by ploughing action.

3. An end mill roughing tool rotatable in one direction about an axis and comprising a plurality of work holddown members which are spaced about said axis and have undercut trailing faces and which have presser surfaces which face generally lengthwise of said axis and terminate at said trailing faces and which are adapted to bear against a shoe part presented to the tool, and rows of conical teeth which are arranged substantially in engagement with the undercut trailing faces respectively of said members and extend beyond the presser surfaces of said members with axes of said conical teeth extending across the presser surfaces as they extend beyond said surfaces whereby to cause said shoe part presented to the tool to be roughened with ploughing action.

4. An outsole roughing tool comprising a head rotatable in one direction about an axis, said head having channels formed therein and spaced about said axis, pairs of holddown members and blades adapted to fit respectively in said channels, and means for interchangeably positioning said blades in the channels and for securing associated pairs of holddown members and blades in the channels, each of said holddown members having a work engaging surface which is arranged approximately in a frusto conical surface centered at said axis and each of said blades having a plurality of alined conical diamond teeth apieces of which project beyond and are arranged adjacent to the work engaging surface of associated holddown members and lie approximately in a frusto conical surface centered at said axis, the conical teeth of said blades being centered respectively at axes which extend beyond and across the work engaging surfaces of associated presser members.

S. An outsole roughing tool which is rotatable in one direction about an axis and comprises a head having `an end face, said head having channels formed therein and spaced about said axis, associated pairs of holddown members and blades adapted to fit in said channels, and means for positioning said blades in the channels and for securing associated pairs of holddown members and blades side-by-side in the channels, said holddown mem` bers having presser surfaces which are arranged approximately in a frusto conical surface centered at said axis and said blades having conical diamond teeth apieces of which are positioned adjacent to and extend uniform distances beyond the work engaging surfaces of associated holddown members and lie approximately in a frusto conical face centered at said axis, associated presser surfaces of the holddown members and apieces of the teeth of the blades being skewed lengthwise with relation to radial planes including the axis of rotation of the tool and passing through Vsaid members and said blades, axes in which the conical teeth of the blades positioned in the head lie being tilted forward slightly in the directions of movement of said teeth respectively.

6. A tool for use in roughing shoe parts, said tool being rotatable about an axis and comprising a head having a frusto conical surface which has formed in it a plurality of channels spaced about said axis and which is centered at said axis and faces generally lengthwise of the axis of rotation of the tool but elements of which are inclined at a slight angle to a plane arranged at right angles to the axis, I -shaped holddown members which iit in said channels and have presser surfaces respectively arranged uniform distances beyond said frusto conical surface, blades which are adapted to iit between walls of said channels respectively and faces of associated holddown members and each of which comprises a plurality of conical teeth apices of which are positioned along a trailing edge of and extend equal distances beyond the associated presser surfaces, and means carried by and movable in the head for positioning the blades in the channels and for forcing said blades against angularly disposed surfaces of the L-shaped members whereby to secure said members and said blades against movement in the channels.

7. A tool for use in the roughing of shoe parts, said tool being rotatable in one direction about an axis and comprising a head having a frusto conical surface which is centered at said axis and has formed in it a plurality of circumferentially spaced channels and which faces generally lengthwise of the axis of rotation of the tool but elements of which are inclined at a slight angle to a plane disposed at right angles to said axis of rotation, L-shaped holddown members which iit in said channels and have presser surfaces respectively projecting uniform distances axiaily beyond said frusto conical surface, blades which are adapted to t respectively in said channels between walls of said channels and faces of associated holddown members and each of which includes plurality of alined conical teeth apices of which extend equal distances beyond the presser surfaces of said holddown members and which have axes of their cones overlying and extending across the presser surfaces, means for positioning said blades in the slots with the apices of the teeth arranged adjacent to and extending equal distances beyond the presser' surfaces of associated hold-down members, and means carried by and movable in the head for forcing the blades against angularly disposed surfaces of the hold-down members to secure these members and said blades against movement in the channels.

8. ln a machine for roughing outsoles, a support for an outsole, an edge gage having a cylindrical guide face centered at one axis and having an abutment portion adapted to be engaged by said outsole, and an end mill roughing tool rotatable in one direction about a second axis disposed at a slight angle to and substantially intersecting said one axis, said tool comprising a plurality of presser surfaces which face generally lengthwise of said second axis and which are spaced circumferentially about this axis and are adapted to bear against the outsole mountedon the support and guided bythe edge gage, said presser surfaces having inner ends whichduring rotation of thetool substantially engage the abutment portion of the guide face of the edge gage, and rows of conical teeth apicesof which are arranged adjacent to and, with relation-t0 the direction of movement to the presser surfaces, behindsaid-presser surfaces and project respectively uniform distances in the direction of said second axis beyond the presser faces, axes of said conical teeth respectively beinginclined forward at acute angles to the directions of movement of the teeth respectively and apices of inner teeth of one-or more of said rows of teeth being position'ed just behind said inner ends of associated presser surfaces, the construction and arrangement being such that the marginal portion of one side of the outsole presentedl to the tool shall be roughened by a ploughing action substantially to an edge of said outsole.

9. In an outsole roughing machine, a work table rotatable about one axis, an edge gage secured to the table and having a cylindrical face which is centered at said one axis and has an abutment portion adapted to be engaged by an outsole moved over the table, and an outsole roughing tool which is rotatable in one direction about a second axis and comprises a head having an end face, said' head having channels formed therein and spaced about said second axis, associated pairs of holddown members and blades adapted to fit in said channels, and means for positioning said blades in the channels and for securing associated pairs of presser members and blades side-by-side in said channels, said hold-down members having presser surfaces which are arranged approximately in a frusto conical face centered at said second axis and said blades having conical teeth apices of which are positioned adjacent to and extend uniform distances beyond the presser surfaces of associated holddown members and lie approximately in a frusto conical face centered at said axis, inner ends vof said holddown members, defining said ends of said presser surfaces, being concave and centered about said second axis and being adapted substantially to engage the abutment portions of the edge gage during rotation of the tool, associated presser surfaces of the holddown members and the apices of the teeth of the blades being skewed lengthwise with relation to radial planes which include the axis of rotation' of the tool and pass through said members and said blades, axes of the conical teeth of the blades being tilted forward slightly in directions of movement of said teeth respectively and the apices of the inner teeth of a plurality of said blades being arranged just back of said concave inner ends of said ,holddown members.

References Cited in the le of this patent l UNlTED STAT ES PATENTS 2,172,545 Praeg Sept. 12, 1939 2,239,794 Morse Apr. 29, 1941 2,338,990 Winzel lan. 1l, 1944 2,363,272 Taeyaerts et al Nov. 21, 1944 2,590,136 Stacey Mar. 25, 1952 2,636,532 Romans Jan. 27, 1953 2,769,328 Lani et al Nov. 6, 1956 

